太阳能电池片激光划片机不同大小片划片问题解决方案

2000型划片机系列，是针对目前光伏市场所使用的主流硅材料太阳能电池的划片加工所开发的一款机型。相较于传统的手动划片机，2000型自动划片机拥有自动上下料、自动裂片等多项新功能。该机型划片速度快，结构紧凑性价比高，很好的满足了中小型新能源企业的生产需求。

The 2000 series of solar cell laser scribing machines is designed for the scribing process of mainstream silicon-based solar cells in the photovoltaic market. Compared with traditional manual scribing machines, the 2000 series automatic scribing machine features multiple new functions such as automatic loading and unloading, and automatic cell breaking. This model is characterized by its fast scribing speed, compact structure, and high cost-effectiveness, meeting the production needs of small and medium-sized new energy enterprises well.

经过多次的迭代升级，2000型自动划片机已经是一款稳定且高效的机型。但在日常使用过程中，操作员的不规范使用可能会导致设备的稳定性降低影响产品质量。这里以自动裂片机为例收集了一些生产中的常见问题，为大家提供一些解决办法。

After multiple iterations and upgrades, the 2000 series automatic scribing machine has become a stable and efficient model. However, improper use by operators in daily operations may reduce the stability of the equipment and affect product quality. Here, we have collected some common issues in production using the automatic cell breaking machine and provide some solutions.

一、大小片

1. 电池片自身误差：

由于2000型划片机采用的机械定位方式，这就导致客户生产过程中可能出现的不同批次的电池片本身存在的尺寸误差，影响最后产品的一致性。如果在生产中出现更换电池片导致的大小片问题时，可以通过软件修改划片程序的原点位置来调整划片大小。

I. Size inconsistency of solar cells

1. Inherent size errors of solar cells:

The 2000 series scribing machine uses a mechanical positioning method, which can lead to size variations in solar cells from different batches during production. This affects the consistency of the final product. If size inconsistency occurs due to a change in solar cells during production, the size of the scribed cells can be adjusted by modifying the origin position of the scribing program in the software.

2. 电池片没有靠边导致无法定位：

实际生产过程中有多种因素会影响到划片机的自动定位，最终结果就是出现大小片。在一些客户的现场生产中，会有多台设备共用一条供气管道的情况，平时生产中可能也没有发现问题，一旦出现多台设备的多个气动组件一起动作时就可能造成气压的瞬间降低。这种情况下取片过程中电池片就可能与吸盘发生相对运动，导致吸盘到位电池片却无法接触定位档条定位失败。如果确实不能改善供气条件时，可以将整机调压阀调整到一个相对稳定同时尽可能高的高位。同时调整吸盘的气流量，保证吸附电池片产生的负压能够正常触发压力开关即可。

2. Solar cells not positioned properly:

In actual production, various factors can affect the automatic positioning of the scribing machine, resulting in size inconsistency. In some production sites, multiple machines share a single air supply line. While this may not cause issues during normal operation, simultaneous actions of multiple pneumatic components in different machines can lead to a sudden drop in air pressure. During the process of picking up the solar cells, this can cause relative movement between the solar cells and the suction cup, leading to positioning failure as the solar cells cannot contact the positioning stopper. If it is not possible to improve the air supply conditions, the machine's pressure regulator can be adjusted to a relatively stable and as high a position as possible. At the same time, the air flow of the suction cup should be adjusted to ensure that the negative pressure generated by the suction cup can normally trigger the pressure switch.

二、电池片划完以后掰不开

1. 划片台平面度达不到要求：

生产运输过程中的震动和撞击都有可能会导致划片台的平面度发生变化，台面不平就会导致激光扫过的切割线深度不均匀或者深度不够。如果是在划片台受到冲击后其它参数不变的情况下划不开电池片，则可以判定是划片台的平面度出了问题。平面度变化后，我们需要利用百分表矫正划片台的平面度，保证激光轴与划片台上表面各个点位的相对高度保持一致，误差需在0.04mm以内。

II. Solar cells cannot be separated after scribing

1. Insufficient planarity of the scribing table:

Vibrations and impacts during production and transportation can change the planarity of the scribing table. An uneven table surface can lead to uneven or insufficient depth of the laser cut lines. If the solar cells cannot be separated after scribing and the other parameters remain unchanged after the scribing table has been impacted, it can be concluded that the planarity of the scribing table is the issue. After the planarity has changed, we need to use a dial gauge to correct the planarity of the scribing table, ensuring that the relative height between the laser axis and each point on the surface of the scribing table is consistent, with an error tolerance of less than 0.04mm.

2. 激光聚焦点不在划片台上表面：

激光焦点位置丢失，只需要调整聚焦镜与台面的距离，重新将焦点控制在电池片的上表面即可。首先我们需要将激光的输出功率调低到5%~10%,将聚焦镜移动至划片台正上方放上电池片后打开激光。松开聚焦镜上方的锁定环，顺时针转动聚焦镜，观察激光光斑由亮转暗，光斑消失后停止。此时记下聚焦镜编号标签所指向的方位，然后逆时针转动聚焦镜，光斑出现后继续转动直至光斑再次消失记下此时标签纸方位。记下两个极限位置时标签纸所处的方位以后，再将聚焦镜转回到两个位置的中间位置即可。

2. The laser focus is not on the surface of the scribing table:

If the laser focus is lost, simply adjust the distance between the focusing lens and the table surface to reposition the focus on the upper surface of the solar cell. First, reduce the laser output power to 5%–10%, move the focusing lens directly above the scribing table, place the solar cell, and then turn on the laser. Loosen the locking ring above the focusing lens, and turn the focusing lens clockwise. Observe the laser spot becoming darker and then disappearing. Stop when the spot disappears. Note the direction indicated by the focusing lens label at this point. Then, turn the focusing lens counterclockwise. When the spot reappears, continue turning until it disappears again and note the direction of the label. After noting the directions at the two extreme positions, turn the focusing lens back to the midpoint between these two positions.

三、裂片时崩角

1. 划片时预留给加减速的区间不够：

划片时由于各个轴需要从零开始加速，加减速过程直接划片就会因为速度变化导致划片深度不一致从而产生崩角。建议绘制划片轨迹时，轨迹两端超出电池片15~20mm。

III. Chipping during cell breaking

1. Insufficient allowance for acceleration and deceleration during scribing:

During scribing, each axis needs to accelerate from zero. If scribing occurs directly during the acceleration and deceleration process, the varying speed can lead to inconsistent scribing depth, resulting in chipping. It is recommended that when drawing the scribing trajectory, the ends of the trajectory should extend 15–20mm beyond the solar cell.

2. 电池片放置位置偏移导致无法吸附：

我们首先需要取出两个上料盒观察料盒挡边位置是否一致，两个料盒挡边位置不一致会导致轮换料盒时两次上料位置变化。两个上料盒调整一致后再重新调整左右划片台整料位，保证整料完成后电池片能够覆盖划片台的边缘吸附孔即可。

2. Solar cells not being adsorbed due to placement offset:

First, we need to take out the two loading boxes and check if the positions of the box edges are consistent. Inconsistent edge positions of the two boxes can cause changes in the loading positions when switching between boxes. After adjusting the two loading boxes to be consistent, readjust the material positions on the left and right scribing tables to ensure that the solar cells cover the edge suction holes of the scribing table after material alignment.